Hum Pathol. 1978 May;9(3):331-40.
Peliosis: a morphologic curiosity becomes an iatrogenic problem.
Taxy JB.
Peliosis is a morphologic entity describing a condition of blood filled spaces,
most frequently occurring in the liver. In recent years it has evolved from an
anatomic curiosity seen at autopsy to a potential clinical problem in view of its
association with the administration of anabolic steroid hormones. The
pathogenesis and predilection of peliosis for the liver remain unexplained. This
article reports five patients with peliosis, four with splenic involvement, all
but one of whom received an anabolic steroid preparation. One patient died as a
result of rupture of the splenic peliotic spaces. The diagnosis in three cases
was established on the basis of surgical material, i.e., liver biopsy or
splenectomy. An increased awareness of peliosis in patients at risk, as well as
an appreciation for the histopathologic changes in less advanced cases, may
become an important issue for the surgical pathologist.
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